Humber Admissions Practice Test

Which type of bonding results from the attraction between metal atoms?

1. Intramolecular forces

2. Dipole-dipole forces

3. Dispersion forces

4. Metallic bonding

The correct answer is: Metallic bonding

Metallic bonding is the correct answer because it describes the unique interaction within metals where metal atoms share their valence electrons in a 'sea of electrons.' This phenomenon allows for a strong attraction between the positively charged metal ions (cations) and the delocalized electrons. It gives metals their characteristic properties, such as electrical conductivity, malleability, and ductility. In contrast, intramolecular forces refer to the forces that hold atoms together within a molecule, such as covalent or ionic bonds; therefore, they don't apply to the bonding between metal atoms. Dipole-dipole forces are intermolecular attractions that occur between polar molecules, and dispersion forces (also known as London forces) are the weakest intermolecular forces arising from temporary shifts in electron density. These forces guide interactions between molecules rather than the bonding in solid metals. Thus, the nature of metallic bonding specifically explains the attraction between metal atoms.